Laser Sintering a Solution for Casting Defects: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis

Abstract

Introduction - The available evidence regarding the impact of newer techniques, such as Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS), on casting defects when compared to the conventional lost-wax method for both single-unit and multi-unit prostheses is limited. In addition to this literature on whether it increases the longevity of multiunit bridges was also insufficient.

Purpose – The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate how does new casting procedures like direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) effect the casting defects as compared to conventional lost was technique and whether it increases the longevity of multiunit bridges.

Material and methods - MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were electronically searched and manual searches in various prosthodontic and engineering journals was also conducted. Later results for casting defects and marginal adaptation in single and multiunit bridges were statistically analysed to bridge the knowledge gap of its relevant effects. Prisma guidelines were followed for data collection.

Results – There was a statistically significant difference in casting defects incurred by DMLS and lost wax casting. The marginal adaptation was found better in DMLS group as compared to conventional lost wax for both single unit and multiunit coping.

Conclusion - In conclusion, DMLS presents a compelling alternative to traditional lost wax casting. This advanced technique effectively reduces casting defects, improves the mechanical properties of the final product, and ensures a clinically acceptable marginal fit for both single and multi-unit dental prostheses.

Keywords: laser sintering, DMLS, casting defects